LA FIEBRE REUMÁTICA. ¿UN PROBLEMA DEL PASADO, DEL PRESENTE Y DEL FUTURO?

Milagros Rodríguez Cárdenas, Ileana López Vilorio, María del Carmen Llanes Camacho

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Resumen

La fiebre reumática y su principal complicación: la lesión cardíaca, era un problema de salud mundial hasta la mitad del siglo XX; a nivel global se diseñaron estrategias para su control, que condujeron a una disminución de su morbilidad, lo que hizo creer que la fiebre reumática desaparecería cuando se resolvieran los problemas socioeconómicos y asistenciales de la población.  La aparición de brotes de fiebre reumática en los EE.UU. durante la década de los 80 motivó de nuevo el interés por el estudio de la misma.  En la presente revisión se analiza el enfoque epidemiológico actual, la influencia de los factores genéticos; se presentan las teorías que se plantean en la actualidad para explicar su patogenia, y se reseñan los criterios clínicos y las posibilidades de los estudios inmunológicos y el ecocardiograma para la confirmación del diagnóstico; se hicieron, además,  consideraciones sobre la terapéutica.



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