Patrones de resistencia al Staphylococcus aureus en los niños

Marta Montes de Oca Rivero, Iria Fernández Morales

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Resumen

Objetivo: Conocer la incidencia y los patrones de resistencia de los Staphylococcus aureus en pacientes ingresados en nuestros servicios hospitalarios. Diseño: Estudio transversal descriptivo.
Métodos: Mediante el estudio de 89 cepas de Staphylococcus aureus aisladas de diferentes muestras, se estudió la susceptibilidad microbiana por el método de difusión Kirby Bauer: el análisis estadístico se efectuó mediante  la prueba de Chi cuadrado.
Resultados: Se observaron patrones de resistencia altos para ampicillina (79,5 % y 64,4 %) en ambos semestres del año respectivamente.  Oxacillina 6,2 % y 2,2 %.  Los porcentajes para este antimicrobiano resultaron bajos,  comparados con otros estudios revisados.  Se encontraron cepas multirresistentes que se incrementaron en el primer semestre a 81,8 %.
Conclusiones: La sepsis por Staphylococcus aureus tuvo alta frecuencia.  La ampicilina no resultó ser efectiva “in vitro”; la oxacilina en nuestro medio (penicilinas betalactámicas) resultó efectiva.  Por la aparición de cepas multirresistentes, debemos incrementar la vigilancia sobre el cumplimiento riguroso de la política de uso racional de los antibióticos.

Palabras clave

tests de sensibilidad microbiana, resistencia microbiana a las drogas, staphylococcus aureus


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