Nistagmo y baja visión

Zoila Fariñas Falcón, Amarilis Hernández Camacho, Silvia Alvarez Romero

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Resumen

El nistagmo es un movimiento incontrolado, rítmico e involuntario de ambos ojos, que se manifiesta al fijar la mirada en una dirección; puede ser congénito o adquirido, y se asocia a enfermedades oculares en la infancia. Mediante un diagnóstico precoz se logra la rehabilitación visual. Las medidas irán encaminadas a conseguir el máximo de visión: gafas para corregir las ametropías, ejercicios y estimulación visual. Una investigación realizada en la Consulta de baja visión del Hospital Universitario «Arnaldo Milián Castro» de Santa Clara mostró que, de 894 pacientes atendidos, el 1,3 % presentaron nistagmo congénito idiopático, asociado a otras enfermedades, y 11 pacientes mejoraron la visión con el uso de cristales. Predominó la raza blanca, el sexo masculino y las edades comprendidas entre cero y 14 años. Tiene una baja prevalencia y un porcentaje exitoso de rehabilitados visualmente. Los pacientes deben enviarse a edades tempranas a la Consulta de baja visión.

Palabras clave

nistagmo patológico, baja visión


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